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The principle of coffee beans
The cultivation of coffee is mainly limited by temperature. It likes warmth and avoids high temperature. The suitable temperature is 15~24°C. If it exceeds 30°C, it is easy to burn the leaves. Therefore, in tropical areas, it is mostly planted in high-altitude field areas, and coffee is resistant to frost damage. The resistance is very weak, so the places prone to frost damage should avoid planting. The average rainfall is 1500-2500 mm. In winter, a dry and low-temperature environment is preferred, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation and harvesting.
The area where traditional coffee grows is about between the Tropic of Cancer and the South, known as the coffee zone (Coffee zone), which is an ideal coffee growing area.
Coffee does not require high sunlight, especially Arabica has low tolerance to strong sunlight, so Arabica can use shade trees to reduce direct sunlight.
The roots of coffee have a large demand for oxygen, so the soil must have good drainage. Arabica is most suitable for volcanic soil, and Robusta is suitable for growth in soil rich in humus. The suitable pH value is between 5.2 and 6.2. .
>General coffee fertilization can use 2:1:1 (N:P:K) fertilizer for the first year, and 3:2:2 (N:P:K) fertilizer for the second year, and then increase the ratio of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers year by year. The fertilizer should also be adjusted according to the climate and environment. In case of high temperature and high light, the proportion of potassium fertilizer can be increased. In case of low temperature and low light environment, the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer can be increased to reduce the application of potassium fertilizer. In addition, the detection of soil fertility and physical properties can be used to carry out correct fertilizer management and improve yield and quality.
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